References

Original Reference: CBD (2019). Including food systems, biodiversity, nutrition and health in the post-2020 global biodiversity framework. CBD/SBSTTA/23/INF/11. Montreal, Convention on Biological Diversity

Brief Summary: This report from the Convention on Biological Diversity (CBD) discusses the importance of biodiversity and ecosystem services in sustainable rural-urban development. Implications: Biodiversity conservation is critical for maintaining ecosystem services that benefit both rural and urban populations. Recommendations: Regional action plans should prioritize biodiversity and ecosystem service preservation, promoting sustainable land use and conservation initiatives that enhance rural-urban environmental synergies.

URL: Biodiversity and Ecosystem Services

Original Reference: Connop, S. et al. (2016). Renaturing cities using a regionally-focused biodiversity-led multifunctional benefits approach to urban green infrastructure. Environmental Science and Policy, 62: 99-111

Brief Summary: This article examines the challenges and opportunities associated with implementing nature-based solutions (NBS) in urban environments. Implications: NBS are crucial for building resilient rural-urban environments, improving ecosystem services, and mitigating climate risks. Recommendations: Promote nature-based solutions in regional action plans, fostering collaboration between rural and urban areas on projects like reforestation, water management, and green infrastructure to enhance climate resilience and sustainability across regions.

URL: Environmental Science and Technology

Original Reference: CABE, (2011). Cheonggyecheon Restoration Project. London, Commission for Architecture and the Built Environment. Available online:

Brief Summary: The Cheonggyecheon Restoration Project is an urban renewal project in Seoul, South Korea, that transformed a degraded urban waterway into a green space. It demonstrates the benefits of nature-based solutions (NBS) in urban planning, showing improved environmental conditions, quality of life, and flood resilience. Implications: PoliRuralPlus pilots could adopt similar NBS strategies to enhance rural-urban linkages, particularly in urban revitalization and water management. Recommendations: Focus on integrating NBS in regional action plans to promote resilience, attract tourism, and improve public spaces in both rural and urban settings.

URL: Cheonggyecheon Restoration Project

Original Reference: Kleerekopera, L., van Escha, M. & Baldiri Salcedob, T. (2012). How to make a city climate-proof, addressing the urban heat island effect. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 64: 30–38.

Brief Summary: This study focuses on resource recovery within a circular economy framework. For rural-urban linkages, adopting circular economy practices can enhance resource efficiency and promote sustainable regional growth in PoliRuralPlus regions.

URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.resconrec.2011.06.004

Original Reference: Gorissen, L. et al. (2018). Moving towards systemic change? Investigating acceleration dynamics of urban sustainability transitions in the Belgian City of Genk. Journal of Cleaner Production, 173:171-185.

Brief Summary: Discusses the benefits of a circular economy for sustainable development. PoliRuralPlus should incorporate circular economy principles in RAPs to enhance resource efficiency and economic resilience in both rural and urban areas.

URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.05.108

Original Reference: Garfi, M., Flores, F. & Ferrer, I. (2017). Life cycle assessment of wastewater treatment systems for small communities: activated sludge, constructed wetlands and high rate algal ponds. Journal of Cleaner Production, 16: 211-219.

Brief Summary: Discusses circular economy and sustainability. Recommends adopting circular economic models to strengthen rural-urban economic ties in RAPs. PoliRuralPlus should include these practices for long-term rural sustainability.

URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jclepro.2017.08.164

Original Reference: Farinha-Marques, P. & Lameiras, J.L. (2017). Eastern and West-Central Asprela Parks, Porto, Portugal: a new green infrastructure to mitigate climate change in the urban context. CITTA 10th Annual Conference on Planning Research. Planning for Climate Change: Political Climate and Policy

Brief Summary: Focuses on urban and transport planning research, with themes on sustainability, governance, and social justice. Implications: Highlights strategies for creating sustainable and inclusive urban spaces. Recommendations: RAPs should integrate governance models and transport planning that enhance urban-rural connectivity, supporting inclusive regional development.

URL: CITTA Conference 2017 Abstracts

Original Reference: Xie, L. & Bulkeley, B. (2020). City for Biodiversity: the Roles of Nature-based Solutions in European cities. NATURVATION.

Brief Summary: Investigates the role of nature-based solutions in enhancing biodiversity in European cities. Recommendations: RAPs should integrate nature-based solutions to enhance urban biodiversity while supporting ecosystem services in rural areas, creating synergies between both environments.

URL: https://naturvation.eu/sites/default/files/news/files/city_for_biodiversity_the_roles_of_nature-based_solutions_in_european_cities.pdf

Original Reference: Eliasson, I. & Upmanis, H. (2000). Nocturnal airflow from urban parks - implications for city ventilation. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 66: 95-107

Brief Summary: This study examines the health impacts of climate change, particularly in rural and urban regions. RAPs should integrate climate adaptation strategies to protect public health, focusing on vulnerable populations in rural areas. PoliRuralPlus pilots can use these insights to enhance health resilience across rural-urban communities.

URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/s007040070036

Original Reference: Lehmann, S. (2014). Low carbon districts: mitigating the urban heat island with green roof infrastructure. City, Culture and Society, 5: 1-8.

Brief Summary: Explores the impacts of climate change on rural regions. RAPs should integrate adaptive climate strategies to safeguard rural communities from environmental changes in PoliRuralPlus regions.

URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ccs.2014.02.002

Original Reference: Lindberg, C.F. & Grimmond, S. B. (2011). The influence of vegetation and building morphology on shadow patterns and mean radiant temperatures in urban areas: Model development and evaluation. Theoretical and Applied Climatology, 105: 311-323.

Brief Summary: Analyzes how climate change affects rural-urban areas and provides adaptation strategies. PoliRuralPlus can use these insights to strengthen climate resilience in regional plans.

URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/s00704-010-0382-8

Original Reference: Kroeger, T. et al. (2014). Reforestation as a novel abatement and compliance measure for ground-level ozone. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 111(40): 4204-4213.

Brief Summary: The paper focuses on the impact of climate change on rural-urban areas. It recommends integrating climate adaptation strategies into regional plans, a key aspect for PoliRuralPlus pilots.

URL: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1409785111

Original Reference: Ruangpan, L. et al. (2020). Nature-based solutions for hydro-meteorological risk reduction: a state-of-the-art review of the research area. Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, 20: 243–270.

Brief Summary: Reviews how climate change impacts infrastructure, particularly in rural areas. Implications: Highlights the need for climate-adapted infrastructure in RAPs. Recommendations: Integrate climate adaptation strategies in rural-urban infrastructure projects.

URL: https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-20-243-2020

Original Reference: Kantor, N. et al. (2018). The Impact of Facade Orientation and Woody Vegetation on Summertime Heat Stress Patterns in a Central European Square: Comparison of Radiation Measurements and Simulations. Advances in Meteorology.

Brief Summary: The article evaluates the effects of climate change on rural water availability, recommending adaptive strategies. PoliRuralPlus pilots should incorporate climate-resilient water management practices to ensure long-term sustainability.

URL: https://doi.org/10.1155/2018/1421403

Original Reference: Guerreiro, S.B. et al. (2018). Future heat-waves, droughts and floods in 571 European cities. Environmental Research Letters, 13: 034009.

Brief Summary: Discusses how land use policies can mitigate climate change impacts. PoliRuralPlus RAPs should incorporate sustainable land use strategies to balance rural and urban development with climate adaptation goals.

URL: https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aaaad3

Original Reference: Van Eerd, M.C.J., Wiering, M.A., & Dieperink, C. (2015a), Solidarity in transboundary flood risk management: a view from the Dutch North Rhine-Westphalian catchment area. Climate Policy:1-19.

Brief Summary: Analyzes the impact of climate change policies on both urban and rural regions. Recommendations: RAPs should incorporate climate adaptation strategies that consider the unique needs of rural areas, such as agricultural resilience, while benefiting from urban policies focused on mitigation.

URL: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/14693062.2015.1075376

Original Reference: Stovin, V. et al. (2015). The influence of substrate and vegetation configuration on green roof hydrological performance. Ecological Engineering, 85: 159-172.

Brief Summary: Examines ecological engineering solutions for improving sustainability in both rural and urban areas. Implications: Innovative ecological engineering can help maintain sustainable ecosystems across regions. Recommendations: RAPs should incorporate ecological engineering practices to enhance the environmental resilience of both rural and urban areas.

URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ecoleng.2015.09.076

Original Reference: Buijs, A. et al. (2019). Mosaic governance for urban green infrastructure: Upscaling active citizenship from a local government perspective, Urban Forestry and Urban Greening, 40: 53–62

Brief Summary: This paper discusses urban adaptation strategies to climate change, with a focus on governance. Implications for PoliRuralPlus include adopting similar resilience strategies in rural areas, linking them with urban climate adaptation plans. RAPs should incorporate climate governance structures that align rural resilience (agriculture, forestry) with urban climate adaptation efforts, ensuring holistic regional sustainability .

URL: https://doi.org/10.1080/09644016.2013.755797

Original Reference: Marselle, M.R. et al. (2019). Biodiversity and Health in the Face of Climate Change. Springer.

Brief Summary: Discusses building climate-resilient infrastructure in rural-urban regions. For PoliRuralPlus, integrating climate resilience into infrastructure planning is critical to safeguard against environmental risks.

URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-02318-8

Original Reference: Mateo-Sagasta, J. et al. (2017). Water pollution from agriculture: a global review. International Water Management Institute / Food and Agriculture Organisation of the UN (FAO), Rome.

Brief Summary: Explores how climate-smart agriculture can enhance food security and resilience. For PoliRuralPlus, integrating climate-smart techniques in RAPs can improve sustainability and economic viability in rural areas.

URL: http://www.fao.org/3/a-i7754e.pdf