References

Original Reference: Rural Growth Linkages, Poverty, and Income Distribution,A. Balisacan ,1992,

Brief Summary: Examines how macroeconomic factors affect rural development in the Philippines. Implications: Highlights the role of national economic policies on rural sustainability. Recommendations: PoliRuralPlus pilots can integrate macroeconomic analysis in their RAPs to better align local actions with broader economic trends.

URL: https://pre.econ.upd.edu.ph/index.php/pre/article/view/150

Original Reference: A regional network strategy for reciprocal rural-urban linkages: an agenda for policy research with reference to Indonesia,M. Douglass ,1998,228 ,DOI,

Brief Summary: Reviews theoretical frameworks for understanding rural-urban linkages. Suggests PoliRuralPlus use updated models to assess and enhance functional linkages, ensuring better governance and policy outcomes for both urban and rural stakeholders.

URL: Interaction between Urban and Rural Areas

Original Reference: The Need for Multiple Information Sources in the Formulation of an Economic Development Plan: An Application of Delphi, Community, and Executive Survey Techniques,T. Harris +2,1991,3 ,DOI,

Brief Summary: This article advocates for the use of multiple data sources, including community surveys, in economic planning. Implication: PoliRuralPlus pilots should integrate diverse data sources, including grassroots input, to create more informed and responsive rural-urban action plans.

URL: ERIC - EJ438776 - The Need for Multiple Information Sources in the Formulation of an Economic Development Plan: An Application of Delphi, Community, and Executive Survey Techniques., Journal of the Community Development Society, 1991

Original Reference: The New Rural Society.,P. Goldmark ,1972,A14238

Brief Summary: This report examines changes in rural society and their implications for policy development. Implication: RAPs should address the evolving needs of rural communities, focusing on inclusive development and the integration of rural and urban economies.

URL: ERIC - EJ438776 - The Need for Multiple Information Sources in the Formulation of an Economic Development Plan: An Application of Delphi, Community, and Executive Survey Techniques., Journal of the Community Development Society, 1991

Original Reference: The Potential of Rural–Urban Linkages for Sustainable Development and Trade,Şule Akkoyunlu ,2015,76 ,DOI,

Brief Summary: This paper discusses the economic and social benefits of fostering rural-urban linkages, particularly in trade and sustainable development. Implication: PoliRuralPlus RAPs should enhance regional trade routes and markets, ensuring that rural producers can access urban consumers, promoting mutual economic growth.

URL: The Potential of Rural–Urban Linkages for Sustainable Development and Trade (repec.org)

Original Reference: Balancing Rural and Urban Development through Improved Linkages,2007,0 ,

Brief Summary: Analyzes the impact of digital tools on rural development and urban-rural linkages. Recommendations: RAPs should leverage digital technologies to connect rural and urban regions, enhance market access for rural businesses, and bridge the digital divide.

URL: https://strathprints.strath.ac.uk/36061/

Original Reference: Regional development throughrural-urban linkages,N. Mushi ,2003,A14230

Brief Summary: Discusses governance structures in regional development. Recommendations: RAPs should support multi-level governance structures that ensure collaboration across urban and rural areas, ensuring equal access to decision-making and resource distribution across regions.

URL: https://eldorado.tu-dortmund.de/handle/2003/2862

Original Reference: Connections between Urban and Rural Areas and Strategic Issuesin Balancing Urban and Rural Development,Yin Guangwe ,2008,A14230

Brief Summary: This article explores how Internet of Things (IoT) technologies can be applied in smart cities to enhance connectivity and resource management. Implications: IoT can improve rural-urban connections by streamlining transportation, logistics, and public services. Recommendations: Incorporate smart city technologies and IoT into regional action plans, fostering digital connectivity and efficient service delivery between rural and urban areas. Promote innovation and digital infrastructure that bridges the digital divide in rural regions.

URL: Smart Cities and IoT

Original Reference: The impact of urbanization on rural: urban linkages in Thailand and Malaysia,R. Hill ,1995,5 ,PDFDOI,

Brief Summary: This document focuses on how land policies can support urban-rural integration, discussing zoning, land use, and planning. Implication: Policymakers should incorporate flexible land policies that promote both rural development and urban expansion, facilitating sustainable growth across regions.

URL: Content.pdf (hku.hk)

Original Reference: Review on the Urban-Rural Integration,Shi Yishao ,2003,A14232

Brief Summary: Discusses how land resources influence rural-urban interactions. Recommendations: RAPs should focus on optimizing land-use planning that promotes sustainability, economic development, and the preservation of natural resources.

URL: https://www.jnr.ac.cn/EN/10.31497/zrzyxb.20211013

Original Reference: The role of market women in rural-urban linkages in Ghana: a case study of two district capitals and their hinterlands,G. Owusu +1,2005,A14233

Brief Summary: The Role of Market Women in Rural-Urban Linkages in Ghana

URL: AfricaBib | The role of market women in rural-urban linkages in Ghana: a case study of two district capitals and their hinterlands

Original Reference: The Research Networks – A Necessity for Rural Area Development,C. Rădulescu +3,2008,

Brief Summary: This paper discusses how research networks facilitate knowledge sharing and innovation in rural areas. Implication: PoliRuralPlus pilots should foster collaborations with research institutions to support innovation in rural regions, ensuring that rural areas benefit from cutting-edge agricultural and technological advancements.

URL: The Research Networks – A Necessity for Rural Area Development (repec.org)

Original Reference: Beyond the rural–urban aporia,A. A. Ortega ,Dialogues in Human Geography,2022,1 ,DOI,

Brief Summary: Highlights the socio-economic impacts of urbanization. PoliRuralPlus can use these findings to address rural depopulation and economic disparities​.

URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/10.1177/20438206221095191

Original Reference: European Commission (2007): The territorial and urban dimension in the National Strategic Reference Frameworks and Operational programmes (2007-2013). A first assessment. Working Paper of the services of the Directorate General for Regional Policy. Brussels.

Brief Summary: This document discusses the importance of social cohesion in the EU’s regional policy. RAPs should focus on reducing inequalities between rural and urban areas by improving access to services, education, and infrastructure. PoliRuralPlus pilots can adopt social cohesion strategies to promote balanced development and reduce rural poverty.

URL: https://ec.europa.eu/european-union/sites/europaeu/files/docs/body/com2004_101_en.pdf

Original Reference: OECD Principles on Urban Policy: https://www.oecd.org/cfe/Brochure-OECD-Principles-Urban-Policy.pdf

Brief Summary: Focuses on the spatial disparities of COVID-19's effects. Implications: COVID-19 exacerbated rural-urban inequalities, making territorial approaches vital for recovery. Recommendations: Develop policies that improve connectivity and service accessibility in rural areas, addressing vulnerabilities exposed by the pandemic​.

URL: https://doi.org/10.1787/96eee083-en

Original Reference: OECD/UN-Habitat/UNOPS (2021), Global State of National Urban Policy 2021: Achieving Sustainable Development Goals and Delivering Climate Action, OECD Publishing, Paris, https://doi.org/10.1787/96eee083-en.

Brief Summary: Examines the varied impact of COVID-19 on cities and regions across Europe. Implications: The pandemic exposed weaknesses in regional infrastructures. Recommendations: Strengthen rural infrastructure, particularly healthcare and digital services, to promote resilience in RAPs and facilitate remote work opportunities for rural revitalization​.

URL: https://doi.org/10.1787/96eee083-en

Original Reference: The Urban-Rural Nexus: A study on Extended Urbanization and the Hinterland,E. Leeuwen +1,2006,24 ,DOI,

Brief Summary: This study analyzes urban-rural interconnections and the importance of coordinated policy-making across these areas. Implication: PoliRuralPlus should emphasize integrated policies that link rural and urban planning to address shared environmental and economic challenges.

URL: https://www.semanticscholar.org/paper/The-Urban-Rural-Nexus%3A-A-study-on-Extended-and-the-Leeuwen-Nijkamp/4f51654b2c22082869b9ed14597cf27a301ca193

Original Reference: Understanding urban–rural linkages from an ecological perspective,Lishan Xiao +3,2017,13 ,DOI,

Brief Summary: nan

URL: Understanding urban–rural linkages from an ecological perspective (x-mol.net)

Original Reference: About trade and trust : the question of livelihood and social capital in rural-urban interactions,L. Haan +1,2002, 1

Brief Summary: Explores how modern communication and transport shrink distances between urban and rural areas. Suggests that PoliRuralPlus pilots leverage technology to foster rural-urban connectivity and improve economic and social linkages.

URL: SAGE Article

Original Reference: Building reciprocal rural- urban linkages through infrastructure investment and development,A. Allen +2,2015,5 ,DOI,

Brief Summary: Focuses on how investments in infrastructure can strengthen rural-urban linkages. Key recommendations include improving physical connectivity, fostering institutional linkages, and integrating gender considerations into rural-urban planning. The guide emphasizes the need for collaborative frameworks involving multiple stakeholders and sustainable practices to bridge rural-urban divides, which directly supports the aims of PoliRuralPlus. By enhancing infrastructure and fostering reciprocal linkages, rural communities can better access urban services and markets, fostering regional cohesion.

URL: https://gender.cgiar.org/publications/topic-guide-building-reciprocal-rural-urban-linkages-through-infrastructure-investment