References

Original Reference: http://www.eurocities.eu/eurocities/publications/Territorial-Cohesion-and-Competitiveness-through-urban-rural-cooperation-and-metropolitan-governance-WSPO-8ZBJCV

Brief Summary: This EUROCITIES report discusses how metropolitan governance can drive urban-rural cooperation. Recommendations: Foster stronger governance frameworks for metropolitan areas to include rural-urban dynamics, with shared economic and environmental projects that benefit both regions.

URL: http://www.eurocities.eu/eurocities/publications/Territorial-Cohesion-and-Competitiveness-through-urban-rural-cooperation-and-metropolitan-governance-WSPO-8ZBJCV

Original Reference: Linking Urban Research with Planning Practice,R. Bunker ,2015,7 ,DOI,

Brief Summary: Explores how territorial cohesion and social capital contribute to regional development. Strengthening social capital within RAPs can enhance rural-urban synergies in PoliRuralPlus pilots.

URL: https://journals.sagepub.com/doi/abs/10.1068/a46245

Original Reference: Urban–Rural Partnership Perspectives in the Conceptualization of Innovative Activities in Rural Development: On Example of Three-Case Study Analysis,Tomasz Kusio +2,Sustainability,2022,1 ,PDFDOI,

Brief Summary: Territorial Development and Urban-Rural Interactions: A Comprehensive Overview

URL: Sustainability 2022](https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/14/12/7309/pdf)

Original Reference: ECOPLAN (2008): Territorial-Partnerschaften – eine Idee mit Potenzial für die Raumentwicklung? Bern und Altdorf.

Brief Summary: This report highlights the role of territorial partnerships in promoting regional development. RAPs should focus on fostering cross-regional collaborations that strengthen rural-urban linkages. PoliRuralPlus pilots can benefit from building partnerships that promote regional cohesion and shared development goals.

URL: https://www.regiosuisse.ch/sites/default/files/2017-11/territorial-partnerschaften_2008.pdf

Original Reference: OECD Urban Studies | OECD iLibrary (oecd-ilibrary.org)

Brief Summary: Provides an analysis of Hungary's territorial development policies. Implications: The review emphasizes the importance of tailored rural-urban linkages. Recommendations: Use the insights for creating localized RAPs that address Hungary's rural-urban challenges​.

URL: http://wbln0018.worldbank.org/Apps/CCKDoclib.nsf/fd3f251023ca1bdc85256896006bf440/8659b41e6d944a5b852570810071ef30/$FILE/Territorial%20Reviews%20(Hungary).pdf

Original Reference: THE TERRITORIAL STATE AND PERSPECTIVES OF THE EUROPEAN UNION. (TSDP) (2007). Towards a Stronger European Territorial Cohesion in the Light of the Lisbon and Gothenburg Ambitions. Based on the Scoping Document discussed by Ministers at their Informal Ministerial Meeting in Luxembourg in May 2005. A Background Document for the Territorial Agenda of the European Union.

Brief Summary: This document provides a long-term vision for territorial development, emphasizing the importance of rural-urban integration. Implication: PoliRuralPlus should align RAPs with long-term territorial planning goals to ensure balanced development across regions.

URL: https://ccre.org/docs/territorial_state_and_perspectives.pdf

Original Reference: EUROPEAN COMMISSION (2011h): Report from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions on the implementation of the national strategy plans and the Community strategic guidelines for rural development (2007-2013). COM(2011) 450 final. Brussels.

Brief Summary: This document outlines the future of CAP towards 2020, with a focus on sustainability, food security, and rural development. RAPs should align with CAP goals to ensure rural regions are resilient to future challenges, especially in agriculture. PoliRuralPlus pilots can address climate change, sustainability, and economic growth through CAP support.

URL: https://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/?uri=CELEX%3A52011DC0450

Original Reference: The character of rural business relations,Robert Newbery +1,2014,9 ,DOI,

Brief Summary: This paper explores the social and economic networks that shape rural business activities, emphasizing the importance of local collaboration. Implication: PoliRuralPlus RAPs should strengthen local business networks and partnerships, encouraging regional cooperation between rural and urban enterprises for sustainable development.

URL: https://www.academia.edu/114062560/The_Character_of_Rural_Business_Relations

Original Reference: Rural-urban linkages: Problems and opportunities,J. Dávila ,2002, 0

Brief Summary: This article discusses the impact of COVID-19 on rural-urban linkages, particularly how the pandemic led to changes in migration and economic flows between these areas. Implications for PoliRuralPlus: Provides insights for pilots on how pandemics affect rural economies and migration patterns. Recommendations: Use this for building resilience in action plans post-COVID-19, especially in understanding mobility and economic shifts.

URL: https://www.google.ie/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&ved=2ahUKEwj7hJe8kMKHAxViR0EAHfomN-cQFnoECBMQAQ&url=https%3A%2F%2Fperiodicos.unb.br%2Findex.php%2Fespacoegeografia%2Farticle%2Fdownload%2F39686%2F30855%2F112758&usg=AOvVaw2YrRmSP_x6ecWWTQYN_aBy&opi=89978449

Original Reference: European Commission, Eurostat, Applying the degree of urbanisation: a methodological manual to define cities, towns and rural areas for international comparisons: 2021 edition, Publications Office of the European Union, 2021, https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2785/706535

Brief Summary: This report explores how the digital economy is transforming both rural and urban regions, offering opportunities for integration. RAPs should prioritize digital infrastructure and skills development to support economic growth in rural regions. PoliRuralPlus pilots can leverage digital economy strategies to create new job opportunities and connect rural-urban regions.

URL: https://data.europa.eu/doi/10.2785/706535

Original Reference: Changing rural–urban linkages in Mali, Nigeria and Tanzania,M. Bah +8,The Earthscan Reader in Rural–Urban Linkages,2003,118 ,DOI,

Brief Summary: This book provides a comprehensive overview of rural-urban linkages, focusing on the socio-economic and environmental connections between regions. Implications: The book highlights the interdependencies between rural and urban areas in terms of economy, migration, and environmental services. Recommendations: Use insights from this reader to design holistic regional action plans that address economic, social, and environmental aspects of rural-urban dynamics, fostering stronger collaboration between the two.

URL: The Earthscan Reader in Rural-Urban Linkages

Original Reference: ANONYMOUS (without year): LEADER in action(s) in the region of Umeå (Sweden): City and countryside working together. In: LEADER Magazine No. 25 (2000/2001). (http://ec.europa.eu/agriculture/rur/leader2/rural-en/biblio/model/art07.htm, last access 15.9.2011)

Brief Summary: Describes how the LEADER model fosters rural-urban cooperation through participatory local development. Recommends using the LEADER framework to empower local stakeholders and encourage collaboration in PoliRuralPlus pilot areas.

URL: EU LEADER Model

Original Reference: The Earthscan Reader in Rural–Urban Linkages,C. Tacoli ,2018,120 ,DOI,

Brief Summary: This book compiles research on the dynamics between rural and urban areas, emphasizing the importance of economic, social, and environmental interdependencies. Implication: PoliRuralPlus RAPs should focus on building stronger rural-urban linkages across sectors, particularly in resource management, social services, and infrastructure.

URL: https://www.taylorfrancis.com/books/mono/10.4324/9781315122097/earthscan-reader-rural-urban-linkages-cecilia-tacoli

Original Reference: Rural–Urban Linkages in Ethiopia,Tadele Ferede +1,The Oxford Handbook of the Ethiopian Economy,2019,4 ,DOI,

Brief Summary: This book explores Ethiopia’s economy, focusing on rural-urban linkages. Recommendations: Invest in strengthening rural infrastructure to ensure balanced economic development and integration with urban markets. Support agricultural productivity and rural-urban trade to alleviate poverty.

URL: The Oxford Handbook of the Ethiopian Economy | Oxford Academic (oup.com)

Original Reference: Establishing Urban-Rural Linkage Elements for Growth and Poverty Reduction in India,Nitin Srivastava +1,2013,4 ,DOI,

Brief Summary: This paper discusses the European Spatial Development Perspective and its influence on regional policy. RAPs should prioritize spatial planning that aligns with these principles to ensure balanced growth. PoliRuralPlus pilots can adopt these guidelines to manage land use and promote regional integration across rural-urban areas.

URL: https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/0034340050086580

Original Reference: Changing rural urban linkages in Africa in a globalizing economy,O. Mfune +5,2016,A14234

Brief Summary: This article explores the evolving dynamics of rural-urban linkages, highlighting the need for integrated governance and planning. Implications: Addressing governance gaps and fostering interregional cooperation can enhance rural-urban partnerships. Recommendations: Strengthen governance structures in regional action plans by fostering collaboration between urban and rural stakeholders, ensuring that both are engaged in integrated planning and policymaking.

URL: The Future of Rural-Urban Linkages

Original Reference: The mutual benefits of promoting rural-urban interdependence through linked ecosystem services,Tewelde Gebre +1,Global Ecology and Conservation,2019,38 ,DOI,

Brief Summary: This article discusses emerging trends in urban-rural integration, focusing on technology and innovation. Implication: PoliRuralPlus should invest in tech-driven solutions, such as smart agriculture and rural digital infrastructure, to strengthen rural-urban ties.

URL: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2351989418305150

Original Reference: Communication policies for urban village connections: beyond access?,M. Foth +1,2008, 0

Brief Summary: This article explores how different governance structures shape rural-urban development and regional cohesion. Implications: Regional governance plays a critical role in facilitating rural-urban linkages and managing resources. Recommendations: Strengthen governance frameworks in regional action plans, encouraging decentralized decision-making and fostering partnerships between rural and urban authorities to ensure balanced development and resource management across regions.

URL: Geography of Regional Governance

Original Reference: Challenges and Potential Solutions for Sustainable Urban-Rural Linkages in a Ghanaian Context,A. Somanje +8,2020,64 ,PDFDOI,

Brief Summary: This paper examines the role of services in economic geography, especially in rural regions. Implications: Service industries can bridge rural-urban divides by providing employment opportunities and reducing dependency on agriculture. Recommendations: Encourage the development of service industries in rural areas through targeted policies and investments, promoting economic diversification and improving rural-urban connectivity.

URL: The Geography of Services

Original Reference: EUROPEAN COMMISSION (2000): TERRA. An experimental laboratory in spatial planning. Luxemburg.

Brief Summary: This report examines the role of the digital economy in transforming rural regions. RAPs should prioritize the expansion of digital infrastructure and services in rural areas to boost economic growth. PoliRuralPlus pilots can leverage the digital economy to create new opportunities for rural-urban integration and improve access to services for rural populations.

URL: https://op.europa.eu/en/publication-detail/-/publication/eda37b6e-1879-459b-bf95-0ea1d5c5a9f2