References

Original Reference: https://ruralpact.rural-vision.europa.eu/rural-pact_en

Brief Summary: The Rural Pact provides a framework for cooperation between rural and urban stakeholders to achieve the long-term vision for rural areas. Implications: The Pact fosters collaboration across all levels of government and civil society. Recommendations: RAPs should leverage the Pact's structure to facilitate multi-level governance, ensuring that rural and urban areas work together on infrastructure, innovation, and economic development .

URL: https://ruralpact.rural-vision.europa.eu/rural-pact_en

Original Reference: Demographic change in Europe: a toolbox for action (europa.eu)

Brief Summary: This document provides tools and strategies to enhance regional policy implementation. RAPs should leverage these tools to improve policy coherence and collaboration across rural-urban areas. It supports PoliRuralPlus's efforts to integrate governance frameworks and foster coordinated rural-urban policy actions.

URL: https://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/sources/docgener/focus/2016_03_tools_for_action.pdf

Original Reference: Urban – Rural Linkages—Analysing, Modelling, and Understanding Drivers, Pressures, and Impacts of Land Use Changes along the Rural-to-Urban Gradient, D. Haase +1,2012, Urbanization is usually detrimental to the environment in different regards.

Brief Summary: Focuses on sustainable transport policies to strengthen rural-urban connections. PoliRuralPlus pilots can implement integrated transport systems to reduce disparities in mobility and ensure equitable access to services between rural and urban regions.

URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2021.05.006

Original Reference: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:12012E/TXT&from=en

Brief Summary: Highlights the Treaty’s focus on territorial cohesion, aiming for balanced development across the EU. Recommendations: Align PoliRuralPlus strategies with the Treaty of Lisbon's objectives of territorial cohesion by fostering stronger rural-urban ties and addressing spatial inequalities.

URL: http://eur-lex.europa.eu/legal-content/EN/TXT/PDF/?uri=CELEX:12012E/TXT&from=en

Original Reference: Investing in Young Businesses in Africa (europa.eu)

Brief Summary: This initiative supports young entrepreneurs and small businesses in Africa to promote economic development, with implications for rural-urban integration. Implications: Supporting young businesses can drive innovation and job creation in rural and urban areas alike. Recommendations: RAPs should promote entrepreneurship in rural areas by providing access to finance and training, fostering local businesses that strengthen rural-urban economic ties and promote regional growth.

URL: https://ec.europa.eu/trustfundforafrica/content/investing-young-businesses-africa_en

Original Reference: XGain

Brief Summary: Examines European development from an integrated urban-rural perspective. Recommendations: RAPs should emphasize policies that ensure balanced socio-economic development across rural and urban regions, focusing on inclusivity, education, and technology integration to reduce disparities.

URL: https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/101056793

Original Reference: Sustainable Development Goals | United Nations Development Programme (undp.org)

Brief Summary: Discusses how the SDGs relate to urban-rural linkages and the importance of integrating sustainability into all levels of development. Implications: The SDGs offer a useful framework for measuring progress in rural-urban integration. Recommendations: PoliRuralPlus should align its initiatives with the SDGs to promote sustainability and inclusiveness in rural-urban partnerships​.

URL: https://www.undp.org/sustainable-development-goals#:~

Original Reference: https://unhabitat.org/topics/urban-rural-linkages UN-Habitat. (2019). Enhancing Rural-Urban Linkages for Sustainable Development.

Brief Summary: This report discusses how rural-urban linkages support sustainable development goals (SDGs) by fostering economic, social, and environmental synergies between rural and urban areas. Implications: Strengthening these linkages is key to addressing inequality, food security, and environmental sustainability. Recommendations: RAPs should emphasize policies that enhance transport, market access, and governance frameworks to bridge rural-urban divides and meet SDG targets.

URL: https://unhabitat.org/topics/urban-rural-linkages

Original Reference: Upward convergence in material well-being: Is a COVID-19 setback inevitable?

Brief Summary: Explores the impacts of COVID-19 on well-being and economic inequality in rural and urban areas. Recommendations: PoliRuralPlus should address economic recovery and convergence strategies to reduce disparities between rural and urban regions, particularly in post-pandemic recovery.

URL: https://www.eurofound.europa.eu/en/publications/2020/upward-convergence-material-well-being-covid-19-setback-inevitable

Original Reference: Upward convergence in gender equality: How close is the Union of equality?

Brief Summary: Analyzes material well-being and economic disparities post-COVID. Highlights the need for resilience in rural regions and suggests aligning RAPs with recovery funds to address the socioeconomic impacts of the pandemic on rural and urban linkages.

URL: https://www.eurofound.europa.eu/en/publications/2020/upward-convergence-material-well-being-covid-19-setback-inevitable

Original Reference: https://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/sources/policy/what/territorial-cohesion/urban-rural-linkages/rurban_study_long.doc

Brief Summary: This document evaluates the Urban II program, which focused on revitalizing declining urban areas. Implications: Insights from urban regeneration can be adapted for rural revitalization. Recommendations: Apply successful urban regeneration strategies in RAPs, focusing on infrastructure upgrades, community engagement, and local economic development to strengthen rural-urban connections.

URL: https://ec.europa.eu/regional_policy/sources/docgener/evaluation/expost2006/urban2_en.htm

Original Reference: Microsoft Word - modernAKIS_D1.3_30102023

Brief Summary: Highlights the role of technological innovation in urban planning. PoliRuralPlus should emphasize innovation-driven solutions for fostering sustainable rural-urban collaborations.

URL: https://modernakis.eu/wp-content/uploads/D1.3.pdf

Original Reference: modernAKIS

Brief Summary: Discusses modern planning techniques for sustainable urban development. PoliRuralPlus should leverage these innovations to improve rural-urban spatial planning and governance.

URL: https://modernakis.eu/

Original Reference: Sustainability | Free Full-Text | Assessing Rural-Urban Linkages and Their Contribution to Territorial Development: Insights from Zimbabwe’s Small and Medium-Sized Cities (mdpi.com)

Brief Summary: This article highlights strategies for integrating urban-rural planning with ecological preservation efforts. Implications: Joint urban-rural ecological planning can lead to sustainability. Recommendations: RAPs should integrate environmental sustainability into rural-urban planning frameworks, promoting shared ecological goals​.

URL: https://www.mdpi.com/2071-1050/15/7/6223

Original Reference: Urban-rural Europe - introduction - Statistics Explained (europa.eu)

Brief Summary: Provides insights into urban-rural population distributions in the EU. Recommendations for PoliRuralPlus include using population data to inform regional planning and ensuring equitable access to services and infrastructure in both urban and rural areas.

URL: https://ec.europa.eu/eurostat/statistics-explained/index.php?title=Urban-rural_Europe_Introduction

Original Reference: The Context of Rural–Urban Relationships in Finland, France, Hungary, The Netherlands and Spain, Almudena Buciega +2, 2009, Urban pressure is not perceived as a negative process by many in different European contexts.

Brief Summary: This article explores the governance challenges in coordinating urban and rural policies, advocating for integrated approaches. Implication: PoliRuralPlus RAPs should implement governance structures that facilitate collaboration between urban and rural authorities, focusing on shared policy goals.

URL: https://doi.org/10.1068/b3902ge

Original Reference: Urban–Rural Partnership Framework to Enhance Food–Energy–Water Security in the Post-COVID-19 Era (researchgate.net)

Brief Summary: The article proposes an urban-rural partnership framework to address food, energy, and water security issues post-COVID-19. Implications: Highlights opportunities to build resilience in rural communities through food, energy, and water nexus frameworks. Recommendations: Encourage integrated resource management approaches and community-driven initiatives to create resilient urban-rural regions in PoliRuralPlus pilots. It reinforces the importance of self-sufficient systems and equitable access to resources.

URL: Urban-Rural Partnership Framework

Original Reference: URMA – Urban-rural partnerships in metropolitan areas

Brief Summary: This document explores best practices for urban-rural cooperation in metropolitan regions. Implications: Cooperation across metropolitan and rural areas strengthens regional sustainability. Recommendations: PoliRuralPlus should adopt and promote cooperative governance models in its pilots, leveraging best practices in metropolitan-rural collaboration.

URL: Urban-Rural Relationships in Metropolitan Areas

Original Reference: Home - City Destinations Alliance

Brief Summary: This website discusses strategies for developing tourism that links urban and rural areas. Recommendations: Regional action plans should leverage tourism as a tool for economic growth, focusing on sustainable tourism practices that benefit both rural and urban areas.

URL: https://www.citydestinationsalliance.com/

Original Reference: European Parliament resolution on European Urban Agenda and its Future in Cohesion Policy, P7_TA(2011)0284, 23 June 2011

Brief Summary: Focuses on fostering partnerships between urban and rural areas for better planning and resource management. Implications: Highlights the importance of cooperation between urban and rural regions. Recommendations: Incorporate urban-rural partnerships into RAPs to strengthen cross-regional development efforts.

URL: http://www.eurometrex.org/ENT1/EN/Activities/activities.php?Cat=Expert_Groups&SubCat1=URMA