References

Original Reference: Apostolaki, S., Jefferies, C. & Wild, T. (2005). The social impacts of stormwater management techniques. 10th international conference of urban drainage, Copenhagen, Denmark

Brief Summary: Profiles research in urban-rural planning and governance. Suggests using evidence-based policy development in PoliRuralPlus pilots to improve planning and governance across rural-urban interfaces.

URL: Heriot-Watt Staff Profile

Original Reference: D4.1(23). http://pegasus.ieep.eu/case-studies/list-of-case-studies#netherlands (accessed April 2020)

Brief Summary: PEGASUS provides numerous case studies on environmental and land-use management in rural and urban contexts. These cases emphasize collaboration between rural and urban stakeholders. RAPs can leverage these studies to develop nature-based solutions (NBS) and enhance ecosystem services through rural-urban cooperation.

URL: PEGASUS Case Studies

Original Reference: Perez-Soba, M. et al. (2016). Database and classification system of different types of PG/ESS in relation to farming/forestry systems. PEGASUS Project Deliverable 2.2.

Brief Summary: Presents case studies on how rural areas can deliver ecosystem services. Implications: Rural ecosystem services are crucial for maintaining biodiversity and climate resilience. Recommendations: Use case study insights in RAPs to promote ecosystem services, focusing on balancing agricultural productivity with environmental sustainability.

URL: https://www.pegasus-eu-project.eu/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/PEGASUS_D2.2_final.pdf

Original Reference: PEGASUS (2016). The importance of social processes: unlocking synergies. Brief.

Brief Summary: Examines the delivery of ecosystem services and public goods from agricultural and forest land. Implications: Promoting ecosystem services is vital for sustainable rural-urban connections. Recommendations: Incorporate strategies for supporting ecosystem services in RAPs, focusing on biodiversity and sustainable land management practices.

URL: http://pegasus.ieep.eu/system/resources

Original Reference: Hart, K. et al. (2017). Case study reports Developing innovative and participatory approaches for PG/ESS delivery. PEGASUS Project Deliverable 4.3.

Brief Summary: Focuses on improving ecosystem services through rural-urban partnerships. PoliRuralPlus should incorporate public ecosystem services in RAPs to ensure balanced rural-urban resource management and environmental protection.

URL: https://pegasus.ieep.eu/system/resources

Original Reference: Perez-Soba, M. et al. (2018). Report on patterns and trends of Public Goods/Ecosystem Services in relation to land management systems. PEGASUS Project Deliverable 2.3.

Brief Summary: Explores the interaction between ecosystem services, rural economies, and agricultural practices. Recommendations: RAPs should encourage sustainable agriculture and conservation efforts by promoting ecosystem services that benefit both rural and urban areas, fostering resilience and sustainability.

URL: https://www.pegasus-eu-project.eu/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/PEGASUS_D2.3_final.pdf

Original Reference: Perez-Soba, M. et al. (2016). Review of approaches and datasets to categorise and map Public Goods and Ecosystem Services at EU level. PEGASUS Project Deliverable 2.1.

Brief Summary: Discusses the role of ecosystem services in sustainable rural-urban development. Recommendations: RAPs should emphasize protecting and enhancing ecosystem services, fostering partnerships between rural and urban areas to improve biodiversity and environmental sustainability.

URL: https://www.pegasus-eu-project.eu/wp-content/uploads/2016/10/PEGASUS_D2.1_final.pdf

Original Reference: Seddon, N. et al. (2020). Understanding the value and limits of NBS to climate change and other global challenges. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B, 375: 20190120.

Brief Summary: Explores the impact of urbanization on ecosystems. Implications: Urbanization affects both rural and urban ecosystems. Recommendations: RAPs should focus on creating green infrastructure that links rural and urban areas, fostering ecological sustainability【36†source】【35†source】.

URL: https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2019.0120

Original Reference: Oen, A.M.P. et al. (2019). PHUSICOS Work Package 1 Report. 776681_D1.4: 77.

Brief Summary: This document details the implementation of nature-based solutions to address climate change impacts in rural and mountainous areas. Implications: Nature-based solutions can foster rural resilience and enhance environmental sustainability. Recommendations: Integrate nature-based solutions into RAPs, focusing on landscape restoration, sustainable agriculture, and climate resilience.

URL: https://phusicos.eu/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/D1.4.pdf

Original Reference: Autuori, S. et al. (2019). EU H2020 PHUSICOS Project Deliverable 4.1, Comprehensive Framework for NBS Assessment, Final Version

Brief Summary: Examines nature-based solutions for rural resilience. Recommends integrating these solutions into rural-urban action plans to improve climate resilience and sustainability in PoliRuralPlus regions.

URL: PHUSICOS Project

Original Reference: Carrus, G. et al. (2015). Go greener, feel better? The positive effects of biodiversity on the well-being of individuals visiting urban and peri-urban green areas. Landscape and Urban Planning, 13: 221-228

Brief Summary: This article explores the importance of planning green infrastructure in rural and urban regions to enhance ecosystem services and biodiversity. Implications: Green infrastructure plays a vital role in creating sustainable rural-urban linkages. Recommendations: Include green infrastructure planning in regional action plans, emphasizing the creation of green corridors, sustainable land-use practices, and biodiversity conservation to enhance ecological connections between rural and urban areas.

URL: Planning for Green Infrastructure

Original Reference: Calfapietra, C., Penuelas, J. & Niinemets, U. (2015). Urban Plant Physiology: adaptation-mitigation strategies under permanent stress. Trends in Plant Science, 20: 72-75

Brief Summary: This study investigates how climate change affects plant biology and agricultural systems, which can have significant implications for rural areas. Implications: Climate change poses challenges for agricultural production and rural economies. Recommendations: Include climate resilience strategies in the regional action plans, promoting climate-smart agriculture and sustainable practices that protect ecosystems and rural livelihoods.

URL: Plant Responses to Climate Change

Original Reference: Turkelboom, F. et al. (2017). Local Planning with Ecosystem Services & Stakeholder Participation. OpenNESS Project Brief No. 7.

Brief Summary: This brief highlights the importance of incorporating ecosystem services into local planning efforts. Implication: PoliRuralPlus can promote nature-based solutions in both rural and urban areas, ensuring ecological sustainability while enhancing regional resilience.

URL: http://www.openness-project.eu/sites/default/files/Policy%20Brief_ES_local%20planning_final%20300817.pdf

Original Reference: Kampa, E. & Buijse, T. (2015). A fresh look on effective river restoration: Key conclusions from the REFORM project. Policy brief N°3.

Brief Summary: This brief discusses river restoration challenges and strategies for improving aquatic ecosystems. For PoliRuralPlus, integrating river management into regional planning can boost environmental and economic sustainability.

URL: https://www.reformrivers.eu/system/files/REFORM_Policy_Brief_No3.pdf

Original Reference: Hernandez-Morcilloa, M. et al. (2018). Scanning agroforestry-based solutions for climate change mitigation and adaptation in Europe. Environmental Science and Policy, 80: 44–52.

Brief Summary: This paper explores policy innovations aimed at fostering sustainable links between urban and rural areas. Recommendations: Use policy innovation to frame RAPs around sustainability, leveraging technologies and data to support adaptive governance frameworks.

URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envsci.2017.11.015

Original Reference: Marechal, A. et al. (2018). Policy lessons and recommendations from the PEGASUS project. PEGASUS Project Deliverable 5.4.

Brief Summary: Focuses on promoting public goods through sustainable agriculture. PoliRuralPlus can leverage these findings to foster sustainable agricultural practices in rural areas to strengthen rural-urban ties.

URL: https://www.pegasus-eu-project.eu/system/files/documents/PEGASUS_D5.4_Policy_lessons_final.pdf

Original Reference: Mukhtarov, F. et al. (2019). Collaborative learning for policy innovations: sustainable urban drainage systems in Leicester, England. Journal of Environmental Policy and Planning, 21(3): 288-301.

Brief Summary: Examines how policy networks can drive rural development. PoliRuralPlus should strengthen rural-urban policy networks to improve cooperation between regions and ensure holistic planning.

URL: https://doi.org/10.1080/1523908X.2019.1570976

Original Reference: Rijke, J. et al. (2012). Room for the River: delivering integrated river basin management in the Netherlands, International Journal of River Basin Management, 10(4): 369-382.

Brief Summary: Discusses policy responses to migration trends between rural and urban areas. Recommendations: RAPs should create policies that manage migration effectively, ensuring rural areas have the capacity to absorb new populations while maintaining economic stability.

URL: https://doi.org/10.1080/15715124.2012.739173

Original Reference: Nowak, D.J. et al. (2014). Tree and forest effects on air quality and human health in the United States. Environmental Pollution, 193: 119-129.

Brief Summary: Investigates environmental pollution in areas transitioning from rural to urban. Suggests the need for pollution control measures in rural areas undergoing urbanization, which is relevant for PoliRuralPlus in pilot regions with rapid urban expansion.

URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.envpol.2014.05.028

Original Reference: Akbari, H. (2002). Shade trees reduce building energy use and CO2 emissions from power plants. Environmental Pollution, 116: 119-126

Brief Summary: Focuses on pollution dynamics across urban-rural interfaces, highlighting shared environmental challenges. Recommends stronger urban-rural collaboration on air quality management and adopting joint policies for reducing emissions in both areas.

URL: Pollution in Urban-Rural Continuum