References

Original Reference: GrowGreen (2019). Monitoring and Evaluation: Measuring to improve decision making. GrowGreen Project Milestone 2.1a.

Brief Summary: Focuses on how nature-based solutions (NBS) can contribute to sustainable rural-urban development. PoliRuralPlus should adopt NBS in RAPs to enhance environmental sustainability and support ecosystem services in both areas.

URL: https://eprints.whiterose.ac.uk/194634/1/nature-based%2520solutions-KI0420168ENN.pdf

Original Reference: Bulkeley, H. (2015). Accomplishing Climate Governance. Cambridge University Press

Brief Summary: This report reviews the state of nature-based solutions (NBS) in urban and rural planning, promoting biodiversity, ecosystem services, and climate adaptation as integral components of sustainable regional development. For PoliRuralPlus, the key takeaway is that NBS should be integrated into regional action plans to enhance the sustainability of rural-urban linkages. Recommendations include promoting green infrastructure and NBS in both rural and urban areas to build climate resilience and strengthen socio-economic connections across regions.

URL: https://naturvation.eu/sites/default/files/news/files/naturvation_state_of_the_art_review_overview.pdf

Original Reference: URBANGAIA (undated). MapNat information sheet: Mapping the use of nature.

Brief Summary: This catalogue presents innovative business models for integrating nature-based solutions in urban-rural settings. PoliRuralPlus should adopt similar models to enhance sustainability and ecosystem services in pilot regions.

URL: https://naturvation.eu/sites/default/files/results/content/files/business_model_catalogue.pdf

Original Reference: Davis, M. et al. (2018). Nature-based solutions in European and national policy frameworks. NATURVATION Project Deliverable 1.5

Brief Summary: The policy framework emphasizes the implementation of Nature-Based Solutions (NBS) in regional development. RAPs should integrate NBS to enhance environmental sustainability, improve biodiversity, and foster rural-urban collaborations, especially in projects focused on climate resilience and ecosystem restoration in PoliRuralPlus pilots.

URL: https://naturvation.eu/sites/default/files/result/files/naturvation_policy_framework_analysis.pdf

Original Reference: Toxopeus, H. et al. (2020). Structural Conditions for Integrating Nature-Based Solutions: Finance Domain. NATURVATION Project Deliverable 5.3.

Brief Summary: This report discusses nature-based solutions (NBS) as a key strategy to enhance urban sustainability, biodiversity, and social inclusion. Implication: PoliRuralPlus should integrate NBS into rural-urban planning, using ecological approaches to address both rural development and urban sustainability challenges.

URL: https://naturvation.eu/sites/default/files/result/files/NATURVATION_Project_Report.pdf

Original Reference: van der Jagt, S. et al. (2019). Structural Conditions for Integrating Nature-Based Solutions: Regulatory Domain. NATURVATION Project Deliverable 5.2.

Brief Summary: Explores how nature-based solutions (NBS) in urban areas contribute to ecological resilience and improve urban-rural relationships. Recommendations: RAPs should integrate NBS to enhance ecosystem services, ensuring resilient and sustainable development in both urban and rural regions.

URL: https://naturvation.eu/sites/default/files/result/files/NATURVATION_Project_Report_Regulatory_Domain

Original Reference: Cooper, C. (2017). Establishing links to relevant databases of social, economic and health indicators. NATURVATION Project Milestone 2.2

Brief Summary: This document provides links to databases that focus on nature-based solutions for urban and rural areas, helping planners access valuable information. Implications: Accessible data is crucial for implementing nature-based solutions (NBS) in rural-urban contexts. Recommendations: Use these databases to inform regional action plans on best practices for NBS implementation. Promote cross-regional collaboration on NBS projects, improving environmental resilience, biodiversity, and ecosystem services across both rural and urban regions.

URL: Naturvation Database Links

Original Reference: da Rocha, S. M., Almassy, D. & Pinter, L. (2017). Social and cultural values and impacts of NBSs and natural areas. NATURVATION Project Deliverable 1.3 Part IV

Brief Summary: This resource discusses the importance of social and cultural values in implementing NBS in rural and urban contexts. For RAPs, it suggests integrating NBS that support biodiversity, climate resilience, and cultural heritage, encouraging stronger rural-urban collaboration in environmental and cultural initiatives.

URL: Naturvation: Social and Cultural Values and Impacts of NBS

Original Reference: Naturvation (2019a). NBS Navigator, Technical Note: Carbon Storage Indicator. NATURVATION Project.

Brief Summary: Focuses on the role of nature-based solutions (NBS) in carbon storage and climate mitigation. PoliRuralPlus should prioritize NBS that enhance carbon storage and climate resilience in rural-urban regions.

URL: https://naturvation.eu/sites/default/files/result/files/naturvation_nbs_navigator_technical_note_carbon_storage.pdf

Original Reference: Naturvation (2019b). NBS Navigator, Technical Note: Air Temperature. NATURVATION Project.

Brief Summary: Reviews how NBS can regulate urban temperatures and mitigate the heat island effect. PoliRuralPlus should promote these strategies in RAPs to improve environmental comfort and reduce energy demand in both urban and rural areas.

URL: https://naturvation.eu/sites/default/files/result/files/naturvation_nbs_navigator_technical_note_air_temperature.pdf

Original Reference: Center for New York City Law (2019). New York City Green Roof Laws Take Effect

Brief Summary: This article discusses NYC’s plan to promote affordable housing in lower-density areas to mitigate housing shortages. Implications: Rural-urban linkages benefit from policies addressing housing affordability, which can help balance population flows between urban and rural areas. Recommendations: Include affordable housing strategies in rural-urban action plans, leveraging low-density rural areas as attractive living spaces for urban overflow, especially post-COVID-19.

URL: NYC Affordable Housing and Urban Development

Original Reference: Vallecillo, S. et al. (2016). Synergies and conflicts between the delivery of different ES and biodiversity conservation: Spatial planning for investment in green infrastructure and ecosystem restoration across the EU. OpenNESS Project Deliverable 3.3.

Brief Summary: Discusses the integration of ecosystem services into regional planning. Recommendations: RAPs should integrate ecosystem services into rural-urban linkages, promoting sustainable resource use and environmental resilience.

URL: http://www.openness-project.eu/sites/default/files/Deliverable%203.3.pdf

Original Reference: Winkler, K. & Schleyer, C. (2015). Policy Analysis: Water Framework Directive.

Brief Summary: Explores how natural capital and ecosystem services shape policy decisions. Recommendations: RAPs should integrate ecosystem services and natural capital assessments to optimize resource use and conservation, enhancing long-term sustainability for both rural and urban areas.

URL: http://www.opennessproject.eu/sites/default/files/OpenNESS%20D2.1%20Paper%20on%20the%20policy%20analysis%20WP2_ANNEXES.pdf

Original Reference: Schleyer, C. et al. (2015). EU FP7 OpenNESS Project Deliverable 2.1, Paper on the Policy Analysis.

Brief Summary: Analyzes policies related to natural capital and ecosystem services. Implications: Ecosystem services are vital for sustainable rural development. Recommendations: Integrate natural capital considerations into RAPs to foster sustainable regional development​​.

URL: http://www.openness-project.eu/sites/default/files/D2.1_PolicyAnalysisPaper.pdf

Original Reference: Soini, K. et al. (2019). Multi Stakeholder Engagement Strategy. OPERANDUM Project Deliverable D8.1.

Brief Summary: Focuses on engaging multiple stakeholders to manage environmental risks through nature-based solutions. Implications: Stakeholder engagement is critical for successful rural-urban initiatives. Recommendations: RAPs should adopt multistakeholder engagement strategies to ensure inclusive and effective rural-urban development.

URL: https://www.operandum-project.eu/wp-content/uploads/D8.1_Multistakeholder_engagement_strategy-2.pdf

Original Reference: OPERAS (2018). What should the EU consider to move towards No Net Loss? OPERAS Policy brief.

Brief Summary: Discusses the need for integrating natural capital into EU policies. Implications: Supports integrating ecosystem services into policy frameworks. Recommendations: Policymakers should ensure RAPs consider the full value of natural capital, promoting sustainable rural and urban development .

URL: http://www.operas-project.eu/sites/default/files/resources/operas-a4-4pp-policybrief05-eu-considernnl-april2018.pdf

Original Reference: BIOMOT (2015). Final Report Summary - BIOMOT (MOTivational strength of ecosystem services and alternative ways to express the value of BIOdiversity)

Brief Summary: Discusses pathways to a sustainable low-carbon society. PoliRuralPlus should integrate sustainability targets in rural-urban energy transition policies​.

URL: https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/282625/reporting

Original Reference: Dadvand, P. et al. (2015). Green spaces and cognitive development in primary schoolchildren. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, 112 (26): 7937-7942

Brief Summary: This article examines the interaction between human activity and land use, stressing the need for integrated rural-urban planning to reduce environmental impacts. RAPs can incorporate these insights by focusing on sustainable land-use practices that balance urban expansion with rural conservation efforts.

URL: PNAS Article: Human-Environment Interactions

Original Reference: PEARL (2014). Policy Brief: Tailored stakeholder engagement.

Brief Summary: Discusses policies related to managing extreme events in coastal areas. Implications: Highlights the need for resilience in rural-urban linkages. Recommendations: Implement risk management strategies within RAPs to address extreme events, focusing on coastal and inland interactions for disaster mitigation.

URL: http://www.pearl-fp7.eu/wp-content/uploads/2018/07/Stakeholder-policy-brief-PEARL-FINAL.pdf

Original Reference: Westerlink, J. & van Doorn, A. (2016). Case study 'Skylark' (Netherlands). Pegasus project deliverable.

Brief Summary: Showcases case studies of rural-urban partnerships in sustainable agriculture and environmental management. Recommendations: RAPs should use these case studies to guide the implementation of nature-based solutions and collaborative agricultural projects that benefit both rural and urban areas.

URL: https://pegasus.ieep.eu/case-studies/list-of-case-studies/Netherlands