References

Original Reference: Guha-Sapir, D. (2016). Annual Disaster Statistical Review 2016: The Numbers and Trends. Brussels, CRED.

Brief Summary: Reviews disaster impacts globally. PoliRuralPlus should integrate disaster resilience planning in RAPs, particularly focusing on rural areas vulnerable to natural disasters and ensuring collaboration with urban centers for recovery.

URL: https://emdat.be/sites/default/files/adsr_2016.pdf

Original Reference: Piet, G.J. et al. (2017). Making ecosystem-based management operational. AQUACROSS Project Deliverable 8.1.

Brief Summary: Explores ecosystem-based management as a tool for rural-urban cooperation. Recommendations: Incorporate ecosystem-based management in RAPs to foster cooperation in managing shared resources like water, forests, and biodiversity across rural and urban regions.

URL: http://aquacross.eu/sites/default/files/D8.1_FINAL.pdf

Original Reference: Domisch, S. et al. (2017). Modelling approaches for the assessment of projected impacts of drivers of change on biodiversity, ecosystems functions and aquatic ecosystems service delivery. AQUACROSS project deliverable D7.1

Brief Summary: AQUACROSS focuses on ecosystem-based approaches to water management in rural and urban contexts. RAPs should integrate these approaches to promote water sustainability, biodiversity, and resilience. PoliRuralPlus pilots should adopt ecosystem-based models to improve natural resource management and enhance rural-urban water linkages.

URL: https://aquacross.eu/sites/default/files/D7_1_AQUACROSS_modelling_approaches.pdf

Original Reference: AQUACROSS (2016). Managing aquatic biodiversity: from local to global – an EU perspective

Brief Summary: Discusses water resource management strategies across rural-urban regions. Recommends adopting cross-regional water management policies in PoliRuralPlus action plans to ensure sustainability and resource-sharing between rural and urban areas.

URL: AQUACROSS Brief

Original Reference: Priest, S.J. et al. (2016). The European Union approach to flood risk management and improving societal resilience: Lessons from the implementation of the Floods Directive in six European countries. Ecology and Society, 21: 50.

Brief Summary: Focuses on assessing resilience in socio-ecological systems and how rural and urban regions can work together to build resilience. Recommendations: Include resilience-building measures in RAPs, particularly through cooperation between rural and urban actors.

URL: https://doi.org/10.5751/ES-08913-210450

Original Reference: Ishimatsu, K. et al. (2017). Use of rain gardens for stormwater management in urban design and planning. Landscape and Ecological Engineering, 13(1): 205–212. doi:10.1007/s11355-016-0309-3.

Brief Summary: This article evaluates rural development policies aimed at promoting regional growth and sustainability, using a range of metrics to assess impacts. Implications: Sustainable growth policies can improve economic resilience, especially in rural areas, fostering stronger rural-urban linkages. Recommendations: RAPs should focus on targeted development strategies that balance economic growth with sustainability, incorporating metrics to evaluate long-term impacts on both rural and urban regions.

URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11355-016-0309-3

Original Reference: Carvalho, L. et al. (2019). Protecting and restoring Europe's waters: An analysis of the future development needs of the Water Framework Directive. Science of The Total Environment, 658

Brief Summary: This research discusses soil contamination and its impact on agricultural productivity and public health in both rural and urban areas. Implications: Soil contamination can undermine rural economies and food security, affecting both rural and urban regions. Recommendations: Integrate soil management and contamination mitigation strategies into regional action plans, promoting sustainable agriculture and ensuring food safety for both rural and urban populations.

URL: Soil Contamination Research

Original Reference: Wong, T. (2006). Australian Runoff Quality: A Guide to Water Sensitive Urban Design. ISBN 0 85825852 8, Engineers Australia, Canberra, Australia.

Brief Summary: Provides guidelines for managing runoff water in urban and rural areas. Recommendations: RAPs should incorporate runoff management practices to mitigate water pollution and support sustainable agriculture and urban growth, improving environmental health across regions.

URL: https://shop.engineersaustralia.org.au/australian-runoff-quality.html

Original Reference: Connop, S. et al. (2011). Barking Riverside: Office landscaping for biodiversity. Essex Naturalist, 28: 49-67

Brief Summary: This study looks at how office landscaping at Barking Riverside was designed to enhance biodiversity. Implications: Nature-based solutions can benefit both urban and rural areas by promoting biodiversity and ecosystem services. Recommendations: Include biodiversity enhancement strategies in regional action plans, encouraging landscaping and green infrastructure projects that link rural and urban biodiversity. Promote the development of green corridors and spaces that strengthen ecological connectivity and enhance environmental sustainability.

URL: Biodiversity Landscaping at Barking Riverside

Original Reference: Renaud, F. (2019). Review on vulnerability and risk assessment specific to NBS. OPERANDUM Project Deliverable 6.1.

Brief Summary: Investigates how bioeconomy innovations can drive rural development. Recommendations: RAPs should focus on fostering bio-based economies in rural areas, connecting them with urban markets, and promoting cross-regional collaborations to improve sustainability and economic resilience.

URL: https://cordis.europa.eu/project/id/101084628

Original Reference: Vinten, A.J.A. et al. (2004). Appraisal of rural BMPs for controlling diffuse pollution and enhancing biodiversity. SNIFFER Project WFD13. Edinburgh, SNIFFER.

Brief Summary: Discusses methods to control rural pollution and enhance biodiversity. Recommendations: RAPs should integrate pollution control measures with biodiversity initiatives to ensure sustainable rural land use that supports both environmental and agricultural goals.

URL: https://www.sniffer.org.uk/appraisal-of-rural-bmps-for-controlling-diffuse-pollution-and-enhancing-biodiversity-wfd13

Original Reference: Clary, J. et al. (2017b). Agricultural BMP Database Project Summary 2017. Water Environment & Reuse Foundation. Alexandria, Virginia

Brief Summary: This report discusses best practices for resource recovery, focusing on sustainable waste management in rural and urban regions. Implications: Resource recovery can improve sustainability in rural-urban linkages through efficient waste management. Recommendations: Regional action plans should integrate circular economy principles, promote recycling, and support cooperation between rural and urban areas in managing waste and recovering resources. Develop policies to encourage rural participation in waste-to-resource processes to strengthen these connections.

URL: WERF Resource Recovery Best Practices

Original Reference: Bledsoe, B.P. et al. (2016). Stream restoration as a BMP. Report prepared for the Water Environment & Reuse Foundation (WE&RF), Alexandria, Vancouver

Brief Summary: Outlines best practices in stream restoration. PoliRuralPlus can incorporate these practices into rural development strategies to enhance environmental sustainability​.

URL: https://www.werf.org/c/KnowledgeAreas/Stream_Restoration/Stream_Restoration.aspx

Original Reference: Vierikko, K. et al. (2015). Biocultural diversity - concept and assessment. GREEN SURGE Project Deliverable 2.1.

Brief Summary: Discusses the value of integrating biocultural diversity into regional development plans. Recommendations: RAPs should incorporate measures that promote biodiversity conservation and cultural heritage preservation, which can foster rural tourism and sustainable land use.

URL: https://www.greensurge.eu/products/deliverables/D2.1_Biocultural_diversity_concept_and_assessment.pdf

Original Reference: Teixeira, R. (2015). Sown Biodiverse Pastures: A nature-based approach to reverse the degradation of Mediterranean ecosystems. Nature-Based Solutions Workshop, June 2 2015, Brussels. Presentation.

Brief Summary: The document outlines the benefits of biodiverse pastures for carbon sequestration and sustainable farming. Implication: RAPs can promote biodiversity in rural agriculture, linking this to EU biodiversity and carbon reduction strategies, enhancing both environmental and economic sustainability.

URL: https://www.repository.utl.pt/bitstream/10400.5/11691/1/REP-ISASownBiodiversePastures.pdf

Original Reference: Hartmann, T., Slavikova, L. & McCarthy, S. (2019). Nature-based Flood Risk Management on Private Land - Disciplinary Perspectives on a Multidisciplinary Challenge. Springer, ISBN 978-3-030-23842-1.

Brief Summary: This source discusses the integration of rural and urban systems using sustainability frameworks. It emphasizes a systems-thinking approach to rural-urban partnerships, proposing that sustainable agriculture, biodiversity, and ecosystem services should be core components of regional action plans. Recommendations: Incorporate systemic environmental and social sustainability in rural-urban RAPs and pilots.

URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-23842-1

Original Reference: Anguelovski, I. et al. (2018). Green Trajectories: municipal policy trends and strategies for greening in Europe, Canada and United States (1990-2016), GreenLULUs Project

Brief Summary: Examines urban-rural integration in Spain, proposing models for governance and service delivery. Suggests applying tailored governance structures that support collaboration between rural and urban areas, especially in resource management.

URL: UAB Cat Record

Original Reference: Toxepeus, H. (2019). Taking action for urban nature: Business Model Catalogue. NATURVATION Project.

Brief Summary: This document explores business models that promote nature-based solutions in rural-urban development. Implication: PoliRuralPlus should adopt and promote nature-based solutions that provide economic and environmental benefits to both rural and urban communities.

URL: https://naturvation.eu/sites/default/files/results/content/files/business_model_catalogue.pdf

Original Reference: UCCRN (2018). Impact 2050: The Future of Cities Under Climate Change, UCCRN Technical Report for C40 Cities Climate Leadership.

Brief Summary: This report outlines strategies to achieve climate goals in urban areas by 2050, focusing on sustainable practices, infrastructure, and policies. Implication: PoliRuralPlus should draw from the urban sustainability strategies presented here to ensure that rural areas are integrated into climate resilience frameworks, particularly through renewable energy and sustainable land management.

URL: https://c40-production-images.s3.us-west-2.amazonaws.com/impact2050report.pdf

Original Reference: Defra (2013). Catchment Based Approach: Improving the quality of our water environment

Brief Summary: This report highlights strategies to manage water resources across catchments, promoting a collaborative, integrated approach. For RAPs, the document suggests incorporating catchment-based approaches to enhance rural-urban water management, aligning with sustainable development goals in PoliRuralPlus regions.

URL: https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/catchment-based-approach-improving-the-quality-of-our-water-environment