References

Original Reference: Bernhardt, E.S. et al. (2005). Synthesizing U.S. river restoration efforts. Science, 308(5722): 636-637

Brief Summary: Highlights the importance of biodiversity in rural and urban areas. PoliRuralPlus should enhance biodiversity conservation in regional strategies.

URL: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.1109769

Original Reference: BenDor, T. et al. (2015). Estimating the size and impact of the ecological restoration economy. PloS one, 10(6): e0128339

Brief Summary: Discusses demographic shifts. PoliRuralPlus can use these insights to optimize RAPs addressing aging populations and migration trends.

URL: https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0128339

Original Reference: Hynes, S. et al. (2019). Valuing the Benefits from Marine Ecosystem Restoration: A Choice Experiment. MERCES Project Deliverable D7.3.

Brief Summary: The report details the outcomes of the MERCES project, focusing on marine ecosystem restoration and its contribution to regional development. Implications: Environmental restoration projects can enhance regional resilience, particularly in coastal rural areas. Recommendations: RAPs should include ecosystem restoration efforts that benefit both rural and urban regions, leveraging natural resources sustainably and creating economic opportunities through restoration activities.

URL: https://www.merces-project.eu/sites/default/files/D7.3%20Final%20Report.pdf

Original Reference: Bayraktarov, E. et al. (2016). The cost and feasibility of marine coastal restoration. Ecological Applications, 26: 1055-1074

Brief Summary: Highlights ecosystem restoration as a key strategy. Recommendations for PoliRuralPlus include integrating ecosystem services into RAPs.

URL: https://doi.org/10.1002/eap.1284

Original Reference: Berg, H. et al. (2016). Report on PAR Analysis. PATHWAYS Project Deliverable D3.2

Brief Summary: Highlights sustainability pathways. PoliRuralPlus can adapt best practices in sustainable rural-urban planning for RAPs.

URL: https://www.pathways-project.nl/sites/default/files/Pathways_D32_layout_final.pdf

Original Reference: Huang, J. J. et al. (2014). Assessing the performances of low impact development alternatives by long-term simulation for a semi-arid area in Tianjin, Northern China. Water Science and Technology 70: 1740–1745. doi:10.2166/wst.2014.228.

Brief Summary: This study presents strategies for integrated water management between rural and urban areas, emphasizing sustainable practices that ensure water security. Implications: Sustainable water management is essential for resilience in rural and urban areas alike. Recommendations: RAPs should prioritize water management policies that link rural agricultural practices with urban consumption needs, fostering sustainable and equitable water resource distribution across regions.

URL: https://doi.org/10.2166/wst.2014.228

Original Reference: Bellamy, J. & Osaka, S. (2020). Unnatural climate solutions? Nature Climate Change, 10: 98-99

Brief Summary: Advocates for urgent climate action in cities. PoliRuralPlus can leverage this to advocate for funding rural-urban climate initiatives.

URL: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41558-019-0666-6

Original Reference: Bayertz, K. (1999). Four uses of “solidarity”. pp 3-28. In: K. Bayertz (Ed.) Solidarity. Dordrecht, Kluwer

Brief Summary: Focuses on drivers shaping cities, such as digitalization and sustainability. PoliRuralPlus can adapt lessons for enhancing rural-urban digital integration.

URL: https://link.springer.com/chapter/10.1007/978-94-015-9245-1_1

Original Reference: IEA (2018a). The Future of Cooling.

Brief Summary: This report discusses how rising cooling demand will affect global energy consumption, with a focus on rural and urban energy needs. Implications: The growing energy demand for cooling in rural areas will need to be managed sustainably. Recommendations: RAPs should focus on promoting energy-efficient cooling technologies in both rural and urban areas, ensuring equitable access to energy solutions, and encouraging the use of renewable energy to meet cooling demands in rural regions.

URL: https://www.iea.org/reports/the-future-of-cooling

Original Reference: Borysiak, J. et al. (2016). Floral biodiversity of allotment gardens and its contribution to urban green infrastructure. Urban Ecosystems, 20: 323–335

Brief Summary: Explores urban ecology as a tool for creating stronger rural-urban connections. PoliRuralPlus can promote urban ecological initiatives that enhance rural-urban synergies​.

URL: https://doi.org/10.1007/s11252-016-0608-4

Original Reference: Bengtsson L., Grahn L. & Olsson, J. (2005). Hydrological function of a thin extensive green roof in southern Sweden. Nordic Hydrology, 36 (3): 259-268

Brief Summary: Explores water resource management. PoliRuralPlus should integrate water sustainability into regional planning, especially in agriculture.

URL: https://doi.org/10.2166/nh.2005.0019

Original Reference: Bazaz, A. et al. (2018). Summary for Urban Policy Makers: what the IPCC Special Report on Global Warming of 1.5 degrees means for cities, IPCC

Brief Summary: Focuses on climate change challenges for cities. PoliRuralPlus RAPs should incorporate climate adaptation strategies for rural-urban sustainability.

URL: https://www.c40.org/researches/summary-for-urban-policymakers-what-the-ipcc-special-report-on-global-warming-of-1-5-c-means-for-cities

Original Reference: EC (2019a). European Overview - River Basin Management Plans: accompanying the document implementation of the Water Framework Directive and the Floods Directive (Report from EC to European Parliament and Council). SWD(2019)30 final

Brief Summary: This report reviews the progress of the Water Framework Directive’s implementation. RAPs should focus on improving water resource management at the rural-urban interface, addressing challenges such as pollution and overuse. PoliRuralPlus pilots can benefit from adopting water management policies that balance rural-urban water use and sustainability.

URL: https://ec.europa.eu/environment/water/water-framework/pdf/4th_report/CWD-2019-30.pdf

Original Reference: Khan, U.T. et al. (2013). A data driven approach to bioretention cell performance: Prediction and design. Water (Switzerland) 5: 13–28.

Brief Summary: This paper investigates bioretention cells used in stormwater management. It highlights the role of low-impact development (LID) in managing water runoff. For PoliRuralPlus, integrating LID solutions can improve water management in rural-urban areas, enhancing sustainability and reducing flood risks​(

URL: https://doi.org/10.3390/w5010013

Original Reference: Altamirano M.A. & de Rijke H. (2017). Costs of infrastructures: elements of method for their estimation, EU H2020 NAIAD Project, Deliverable 4.2, Final Version

Brief Summary: Focuses on river management and ecological connectivity. Recommends using adaptive management to enhance environmental resilience and biodiversity in rural-urban action plans, aligning with sustainable rural development goals.

URL: CORDIS Project Results

Original Reference: Iwaszuk, E. et al. (2019). Addressing Climate Change in Cities. Catalogue of Urban Nature-Based Solutions. Ecologic Institute, Berlin / Sendzimir Foundation, Krakow.

Brief Summary: The document presents various nature-based solutions to combat climate change in urban environments. Implications: These solutions have spillover benefits for rural areas, as they can mitigate climate risks that affect interconnected urban-rural systems. Recommendations: RAPs should include nature-based solutions for climate adaptation in both rural and urban settings, enhancing resilience to climate risks such as floods, heatwaves, and biodiversity loss.

URL: https://ecologic.eu/sites/default/files/publication/2020/iwaszuk-19-addressing-climate-change-in-cities-catalogue-urban-nature-based-solutions.pdf

Original Reference: Chapman, E. et al. (2018). Developing the RESIN tools, advancing local adaptation recommendations for co-creation in applied research. RESIN Project Deliverable 4.2

Brief Summary: This report outlines recommendations for local governments to advance climate adaptation strategies, emphasizing urban-rural cooperation. Implications: Climate adaptation is critical for both rural and urban regions, requiring joint strategies. Recommendations: Include climate adaptation strategies in regional action plans, fostering collaboration between rural and urban areas on resilience-building, flood mitigation, and sustainable infrastructure.

URL: Advancing Local Climate Adaptation

Original Reference: de Leeuw J.J. et al. (2007). Challenges in developing fish-based ecological assessment methods for large floodplain rivers. Fisheries Management & Ecology 14(6): 483-494

Brief Summary: This research focuses on agricultural sustainability and its economic impacts in rural areas. It recommends that RAPs should prioritize sustainable agricultural practices and integrate rural economies into broader regional strategies to promote balanced development between rural and urban regions, benefiting PoliRuralPlus pilots.

URL: https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2400.2007.00577.x

Original Reference: Abbott, C. & Comino-Mateos, L. (2003). In-situ hydraulic performance of a permeable pavement sustainable urban drainage system. Water and Environment Journal, 17: 187–190

Brief Summary: Explores the interdependence between agriculture and urbanization. Suggests that PoliRuralPlus incorporate agricultural innovation into regional plans, fostering rural-urban collaborations for food security and sustainable development.

URL: Wiley Article

Original Reference: Nowak, D.J. & Crane, D.E. (2002). Carbon storage and sequestration by urban trees in the USA. Environmental Pollution, 116: 381–389.

Brief Summary: Discusses how air pollution originating from urban areas affects rural environments. Recommends policies that address cross-boundary environmental impacts. PoliRuralPlus should consider environmental monitoring in its pilot regions.

URL: https://doi.org/10.1016/S0269-7491(01)00214-7