References

Original Reference: Rodríguez-Pose, A., Terrero-Dávila, J. and Lee, N. (2023), Left-behind vs. unequal places: Interpersonal inequality, economic decline, and the rise of populism in the US and Europe, Papers in Evolutionary Economic Geography No. 2306, Department of Human Geography and Spatial Planning, Utrecht University, Utrecht, Netherlands.

Brief Summary: Investigates the role of innovation in enhancing rural-urban networks. Implications: Guides RAPs to prioritize innovation for sustainable development. Recommendations: RAPs should promote tech-driven rural-urban collaborations to enhance competitiveness​.

URL: https://ideas.repec.org/p/egu/wpaper/2306.html

Original Reference: Eder, C. and Katsanidou, A. (2015), ‘When citizens lose faith: Political trust and political participation’, in Eder, C., Mochmann, I. and Quandt, M. (eds.), Political trust and disenchantment with politics, Brill, Leiden, Netherlands, pp. 83–108.

Brief Summary: This book examines innovative approaches to urban and regional planning. RAPs should integrate cutting-edge planning techniques that balance rural and urban needs. PoliRuralPlus pilots can use these insights to design forward-thinking regional action plans that address modern challenges like climate change, urbanization, and technological change.

URL: https://brill.com/display/title/24914?language=en

Original Reference: Tikkanen, R., Osborn, R., Mossialos, E., Djordjevic, A. and Wharton, G. (2020), International profiles of health care systems, The Commonwealth Fund, New York.

Brief Summary: This report compares healthcare systems globally, with implications for rural health services. Implication: PoliRuralPlus can draw on best practices from international health systems to improve access to healthcare in rural areas.

URL: https://www.commonwealthfund.org/sites/default/files/2020-12/International_Profiles_of_Health_Care_Systems_Dec2020.pdf

Original Reference: HSE (undated), About primary care teams, (PCT), web page, accessed 18 July 2023.

Brief Summary: Focuses on Ireland's national strategy for climate action, relevant to rural and urban regions. Recommendations: Use the climate action plan as a model for integrating climate resilience into regional development plans across rural and urban areas.

URL: https://assets.gov.ie/291969/2dd768cd-56b8-4c02-b4be-5b5624292959.pdf

Original Reference: Scipioni, M. and Tintori, G. (2021), A rural–urban divide in Europe? An analysis of political attitudes and behaviour, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg.

Brief Summary: Focuses on digital tools in agriculture and their role in rural innovation. Implications: Digital agriculture can enhance rural productivity and integration with urban economies. Recommendations: Use digital tools to optimize agricultural practices and link rural areas to urban supply chains【36†source】.

URL: https://publications.jrc.ec.europa.eu/repository/handle/JRC123124

Original Reference: OECD and European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies (2021a), State of health in the EU: Latvia – Country health profile 2021, OECD Publishing, Paris, and European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, Brussels.

Brief Summary: Provides a detailed health profile of Latvia, with specific recommendations for improving healthcare services. Implications for PoliRuralPlus: Health disparities between rural and urban areas are highlighted. Recommendation: Integrate health service improvements into the Latvian pilot’s RAP for holistic regional development.

URL: https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/latvia-country-health-profile-2021_919f55f0-en.html

Original Reference: Kompil, M., Jacobs, C., Perpiña Castillo, C. and Lavalle, C. (2022), Accessibility to services in Europe’s Member States – An evaluation by degree of urbanisation and remoteness, European Commission Joint Research Centre, Ispra, Italy.

Brief Summary: This report outlines methods for measuring rural-urban interactions and flows. PoliRuralPlus can use these methods to monitor and evaluate the success of pilot projects, ensuring that rural-urban linkages are effectively enhanced.

URL: https://ec.europa.eu/enrd/sites/default/files/1_jrc_mert-kompil.pdf

Original Reference: Medeiros de Bustos, E., Berthier, E., Chavot, D., Bouamra, B. and Moulin, T. (2018), ‘Evaluation of a French regional telemedicine network dedicated to neurological emergencies: A 14-year study’, Telemedicine Journal and e-Health, Vol. 24, No. 2, pp. 155–160.

Brief Summary: Focuses on mental health challenges in rural populations. For PoliRuralPlus, addressing mental health in RAPs can help bridge healthcare gaps in rural-urban settings.

URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/29346039/

Original Reference: KVHessen (undated), Medibus: die mobile Hausarztpraxis, web page, available at https://www.kvhessen.de/medibus-1, accessed 18 July 2023.

Brief Summary: This project uses mobile medical services to improve healthcare access in remote rural areas. PoliRuralPlus could adopt similar approaches to strengthen healthcare infrastructure in under-served regions.

URL: https://www.kvhessen.de/medibus-1

Original Reference: Auer, S., Ratajczak, P., Span, E. and Höfler, M. (2020), ‘Timely diagnosis of dementia in rural areas in Austria: The dementia service centre model’, in Innes, A., Morgan, D. and Farmer, J. (eds.), Remote and rural dementia care, Policy Press, Bristol, pp. 103–126.

Brief Summary: A detailed healthcare model for rural and urban regions. Suggests incorporating healthcare support strategies into PoliRuralPlus regional plans to meet the needs of aging populations in rural areas.

URL: HSE Ireland

Original Reference: Eurofound (2021), Monitoring convergence in the European Union: Looking backwards to move forward – Upward convergence through crises, Challenges and prospects in the EU series, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg.

Brief Summary: This report looks at convergence in the EU, examining economic and social cohesion trends. RAPs should focus on reducing regional disparities between rural and urban areas. PoliRuralPlus pilots can leverage these insights to strengthen cohesion by addressing inequalities and promoting balanced rural-urban development across regions.

URL: https://www.eurofound.europa.eu/en/publications/2021/monitoring-convergence-european-union-looking-backwards-move-forward-upward

Original Reference: Maier, C. B. (2019), ‘Nurse prescribing of medicines in 13 European countries’, Human Resources for Health, Vol. 17, No. 1, pp. 1–10.

Brief Summary: Analyzes the health outcomes of populations in rural and urban settings. PoliRuralPlus should integrate healthcare improvements into regional plans to reduce rural-urban health disparities.

URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/31815622/

Original Reference: Alcimed (2020), The growing role of pharmacists within patients pathway: What implications for pharma companies? web page, accessed 18 July 2023.

Brief Summary: Outlines Ireland's strategy for balancing rural and urban development. Recommends similar strategies for PoliRuralPlus pilots, focusing on infrastructure improvements, fostering digital economies, and enhancing rural entrepreneurship.

URL: Ireland's National Action Plan

Original Reference: Rural Shared Mobility (undated), Good practice study cases, web page, accessed 18 July 2023.

Brief Summary: Provides an overview of national rural development policies. Implications: Offers key insights for aligning RAPs with national priorities. Recommendations: PoliRuralPlus pilots should use this report to ensure their RAPs are compatible with national rural strategies.

URL: https://www.google.ie/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=&ved=2ahUKEwjdltKEldKHAxWFXkEAHR2HPN0QFnoECBgQAQ&url=https%3A%2F%2Fassets.gov.ie%2F287226%2Fa333cffd-65d2-4982-a17c-2fa7acab0c64.pdf&usg=AOvVaw2bKiQqMAkwDMdx9vigDMpO

Original Reference: Maxwell, R. (2019), ‘Cosmopolitan immigration attitudes in large European cities: Contextual or compositional effects?’ American Political Science Review, Vol. 113, No. 2, pp. 456–474.

Brief Summary: Analyzes policy-making strategies for rural development. PoliRuralPlus should emphasize inclusive policies that integrate both economic and environmental sustainability in rural-urban regional planning.

URL: https://econpapers.repec.org/article/cupapsrev/v_3a113_3ay_3a2019_3ai_3a02_3ap_3a456-474_5f00.htm

Original Reference: de Vries, C. E. and Hobolt, S. B. (2016), ‘EU issue voting in national and European parliamentary elections’, in van der Brug, W. and de Vreese, C. H. (eds.), (Un)intended consequences of EU parliamentary elections, Oxford University Press, Oxford, UK.

Brief Summary: This review covers political and economic challenges in regional development, with an emphasis on governance and policy coordination. RAPs should focus on strengthening governance frameworks that integrate rural and urban stakeholders, ensuring coherent policies across regions. This supports the policy objectives of PoliRuralPlus.

URL: https://www.pure.ed.ac.uk/ws/portalfiles/portal/78428180/BadanjakPP2018BookReview.pdf

Original Reference: Oberhauser, A. M., Krier, D. and Kusow, A. (2019), ‘Political moderation and polarization in the heartland: Economics, rurality, and social identity in the 2016 U.S. presidential election’, The Sociological Quarterly, Vol. 60, No. 2, pp. 224–244.

Brief Summary: Discusses how rural identity and economic pressures have contributed to political polarization. For PoliRuralPlus, this can inform strategies on addressing social cohesion and economic diversification in rural areas.

URL: https://www.researchgate.net/publication/332387030_Political_Moderation_and_Polarization_in_the_Heartland_Economics_Rurality_and_Social_Identity_in_the_2016_US_Presidential_Election

Original Reference: Mitsch, F., Lee, N. and Ralph Morrow, E. (2021), ‘Faith no more? The divergence of political trust between urban and rural Europe’, Political Geography, Vol. 89, Article 102426.

Brief Summary: Explores the divergence of political trust between rural and urban areas across Europe. PoliRuralPlus should focus on building trust through transparent governance and equitable service provision, addressing the trust gap between urban and rural residents​(

URL: https://eprints.lse.ac.uk/110497/

Original Reference: OECD and European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies (2021b), State of health in the EU: Portugal – Country health profile 2021, OECD Publishing, Paris, and European Observatory on Health Systems and Policies, Brussels.

Brief Summary: Offers insights into healthcare provision in Portugal, particularly in rural areas. Implications for PoliRuralPlus: Enhancing healthcare access can improve rural living conditions. Recommendation: Implement healthcare access strategies within Portugal's RAP to ensure sustainable rural development.

URL: https://www.oecd.org/en/publications/2021/12/portugal-country-health-profile-2021_298b45fc.html

Original Reference: Luca, D., Terrero-Davila, J., Stein, J. and Lee, N. (2023), ‘Progressive cities: Urban–rural polarisation of social values and economic development around the world’, Urban Studies.

Brief Summary: Explores how progressive policies in cities can influence regional governance. PoliRuralPlus could leverage urban governance models to improve collaboration between rural and urban regions.

URL: https://eprints.lse.ac.uk/113458/1/III_WPS_progressive_cities_paper_74.pdf