References

Original Reference: ECDC (European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control) (2020a), Pneumonia cases possibly associated with a novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China, threat assessment brief, Stockholm.

Brief Summary: This ECDC report provides insights into the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic. RAPs should incorporate pandemic preparedness and response strategies into their regional action plans, ensuring that both rural and urban areas are equipped to handle future health crises. PoliRuralPlus pilots can use these lessons to enhance health system resilience.

URL: https://www.ecdc.europa.eu/en/publications-data/pneumonia-cases-possibly-associated-novelcoronavirus-wuhan-china

Original Reference: Alesina, A. and La Ferrara, E. (2000), ‘Participation in heterogeneous communities’, The Quarterly Journal of Economics, Vol. 115, No. 3, pp. 847–904.

Brief Summary: Explores how population growth affects rural and urban economic development. Suggests integrating policies that support balanced growth and migration trends in PoliRuralPlus action plans.

URL: Quarterly Journal of Economics

Original Reference: Blair, R. A., Morse, B. S. and Tsai, L. L. (2017), ‘Public health and public trust: Survey evidence from the Ebola Virus Disease epidemic in Liberia’, Social Science & Medicine, Vol. 172, pp. 89–97.

Brief Summary: Examines economic growth patterns. PoliRuralPlus can adopt tailored economic growth strategies that benefit both rural and urban regions​.

URL: https://pubs.aeaweb.org/doi/pdf/10.1257/jep.30.3.249

Original Reference: Aassve, A., Alfani, G., Gandolfi, F. and Le Moglie, M. (2021), ‘Epidemics and trust: The case of the Spanish Flu’, Health Economics, Vol. 30, No. 4, pp. 840–857.

Brief Summary: Provides an economic model for regional development that integrates rural and urban economies. Recommends aligning PoliRuralPlus pilots with economic models that promote rural innovation and interdependent growth with urban regions.

URL: IDEAS Paper

Original Reference: ESPON (2020), Geography of COVID-19 outbreak and first policy answers in European regions and cities, policy brief, Luxembourg

Brief Summary: GEOCOV focuses on the use of geospatial data to improve regional development planning. RAPs should integrate geospatial tools to optimize land use, infrastructure development, and resource management. PoliRuralPlus pilots can leverage these tools to enhance decision-making and ensure balanced rural-urban development.

URL: https://archive.espon.eu/geocov

Original Reference: Oreskes, N. and Conway, E. M. (2010), Merchants of doubt: How a handful of scientists obscured the truth on issues from tobacco smoke to global warming, Bloomsbury Press, London.

Brief Summary: Explores ethical considerations in rural development and modernisation. Implications: Ethical approaches are important for equitable rural-urban development. Recommendations: Integrate ethical frameworks into RAPs to ensure socially inclusive and just rural policies .

URL: https://philpapers.org/rec/OREMOD

Original Reference: Attwell, K., Lake, J., Sneddon, J., Gerrans, P., Blyth, C. and Lee, J. (2021), ‘Converting the maybes: Crucial for a successful COVID-19 vaccination strategy’, PLoS ONE, Vol. 16, No. 1, e0245907.

Brief Summary: Explores EU policy impacts on rural-urban integration. Recommends alignment with EU cohesion policies to enhance integration between rural and urban areas, with special focus on post-Brexit challenges.

URL: Ideas Repec

Original Reference: Schraff, D. (2020), ‘Political trust during the COVID-19 pandemic: Rally around the flag or lockdown effect’, European Journal of Political Research, Vol. 60, No. 4, pp. 1007–1017

Brief Summary: This article addresses political trust and its effects on governance. Implications: Trust in institutions influences the effectiveness of governance in rural-urban projects. Recommendations: Policymakers should prioritize trust-building in rural areas by involving local communities in decision-making for better governance outcomes 【36†source】.

URL: https://ejpr.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/1475-6765.12425

Original Reference: Marien, S. and Hooghe, M. (2011), ‘Does political trust matter? An empirical investigation into the relation between political trust and support for law compliance’, European Journal of Political Research, Vol. 50, pp. 267–291

Brief Summary: Explores how political decisions impact rural development. PoliRuralPlus can use this to design policies that better integrate rural-urban economic and social objectives.

URL: https://ejpr.onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/j.1475-6765.2010.01930.x

Original Reference: Allington, D., McAndrew, S., Moxham-Hall, V. and Duffy, B. (2021), ‘Coronavirus conspiracy suspicions, general vaccine attitudes, trust and coronavirus information source as predictors of vaccine hesitancy among UK residents during the COVID-19 pandemic’, Psychological Medicine, pp. 1–12.

Brief Summary: Investigates the spread of misinformation and its effects on rural and urban populations. Suggests enhancing digital literacy in rural regions to bridge the information gap.

URL: Fake News Research

Original Reference: Mahieu, G., Pfeiffer, P., Varga, J. and in’t Veld, J. (2021), A stylised quantitative assessment of Next Generation EU investment, web page, accessed 28 July 2022

Brief Summary: Explores how fiscal policies affect rural and urban economic disparities. Recommendations for PoliRuralPlus include tailoring financial policies to reduce inequalities and promote balanced development across regions.

URL: https://economy-finance.ec.europa.eu/system/files/2021-07/dp144_en.pdf

Original Reference: Eurofound (2021), Impact of COVID-19 on young people in the EU, Publications Office of the European Union, Luxembourg

Brief Summary: This report explores gender inequalities in the labor market, with relevance to rural areas where women often face additional barriers. RAPs should focus on improving gender equality in rural employment. PoliRuralPlus pilots can adopt gender-sensitive policies to ensure that rural women have equal opportunities and access to quality jobs.

URL: https://www.eurofound.europa.eu/system/files/2021-11/ef20036en.pdf

Original Reference: Oreffice, S. and Quintana-Domeque, C. (2021), ‘Gender inequality in COVID-19 times: Evidence from UK prolific participants’, Journal of Demographic Economics, Vol. 87, pp. 261–287

Brief Summary: Highlights the gendered impacts of COVID-19, particularly in rural areas. Implications: Women in rural areas face unique challenges during crises. Recommendations: RAPs should address gender inequality, especially in access to services and employment .

URL: https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/journal-of-demographic-economics/article/genderinequality-in-covid19-times-evidence-from-uk-prolificparticipants/C3D9A7C2A2BC6B90DC2EB708A18FDE99

Original Reference: Hetherington, M. and Nelson, M. (2003), ‘Anatomy of a rally effect: George W. Bush and the war on terrorism’, Political Science & Politics, Vol. 36, No. 1, pp. 37–42. References 56

Brief Summary: This article discusses governance responses during crises, which can be applied to rural-urban regional development. Recommendations: Build resilient governance structures in RAPs that can respond effectively to crises impacting both rural and urban areas.

URL: https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/ps-political-science-and-politics/article/abs/anatomy-of-a-rally-effect-george-w-bush-and-the-war-on-terrorism/E3C44BABE22BDD6E57E76BCF326DB2CF

Original Reference: Hale, T., Anania, J., Angrist, N., Boby, T., Cameron-Blake, E., Goldszmidt, R. et al (2022), Variation in government responses to COVID-19. Version 13.0, BSG working paper BSG-WP-2020/032, Blavatnik School of Government University of Oxford, Oxford, UK

Brief Summary: Analyzes how different countries responded to COVID-19. PoliRuralPlus should consider lessons from varying government responses in shaping RAPs for crisis resilience and enhancing public trust in rural-urban governance.

URL: https://www.bsg.ox.ac.uk/research/publications/variation-government-responses-covid-19

Original Reference: Ye, M. and Lyu, Z. (2020), ‘Trust, risk perception, and COVID-19 infections: Evidence from multilevel analyses of combined original dataset in China’, Social Science and Medicine, Vol. 265, No. 113517.

Brief Summary: Investigates health disparities between rural and urban populations. Recommendations: RAPs should focus on reducing healthcare inequalities by improving access to services, particularly in rural areas, and leveraging digital health technologies to bridge gaps in service delivery.

URL: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/33218890/

Original Reference: Prati, G., Pietrantoni, L. and Zani, B. (2011), ‘Compliance with recommendations for pandemic influenza H1N1 2009: The role of trust and personal beliefs’, Health Education Research, Vol. 26, No. 5, pp. 761–769

Brief Summary: Examines health disparities between rural and urban populations. Recommendations: Prioritize healthcare access in RAPs, focusing on telemedicine and improving health infrastructure in rural areas to reduce disparities between rural and urban populations.

URL: https://academic.oup.com/her/article/26/5/761/633081?login=false

Original Reference: Algan, T., Cohen, D., Davoine, E., Foucault, M. and Stantcheva, S. (2021), ‘Trust in scientists in times of pandemic: Panel evidence from 12 countries’, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, Vol. 118, No. 40, e2108576118.

Brief Summary: Examines disparities in healthcare access between rural and urban regions during the pandemic. Suggests that PoliRuralPlus should integrate healthcare infrastructure into its RAPs to ensure equity.

URL: PubMed Article

Original Reference: KEA European Affairs (2020), The impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the cultural and creative sector, Report for the Council of Europe Steering Committee for Culture, Heritage and Landscape, KEA, Brussels

Brief Summary: This report examines the pandemic's impact on cultural and creative sectors. For PoliRuralPlus, boosting cultural industries through RAPs could foster economic recovery and rural-urban cultural linkages post-pandemic.

URL: https://keanet.eu/wp-content/uploads/Impact-of-COVID-19-pandemic-on-CCS_COEKEA_26062020.pdf.pdf

Original Reference: Groeniger, J. O., Noordzij, K., van der Waal, J. and de Koster, W. (2021), ‘Dutch COVID-19 lockdown measures increased trust in government and trust in science: A difference-in-differences analysis’, Social Science & Medicine, Vol. 275, No. 113819

Brief Summary: Examines how social determinants influence health outcomes in rural and urban areas. PoliRuralPlus RAPs should incorporate social determinants into healthcare strategies, ensuring equitable health services for both rural and urban populations.

URL: https://ideas.repec.org/a/eee/socmed/v275y2021ics0277953621001519.html